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Microfracture surgery is performed to treat a full-thickness cartilage defect of the knee. This arthroscopic procedure uses the body’s own healing abilities for tissue regeneration of the chondral (cartilage) damage.
Symptoms
- Loose fragments floating in the knee
- The knee occasionally buckling or giving way
- Locking of the knee due to catching of the loose pieces in the joint
- The knee may make noise, called crepitus, during movement
Indications of Microfracture
- The patient has a full-thickness defect in the weight bearing area
- Smaller cartilage defects, usually less than 2 cm2 in size
- Young active patients with normal knee alignment
How is Microfracture Surgery Performed?
We perform microfracture surgery arthroscopically mostly under regional anaesthesia. Tiny holes are drilled in the femur around 3-4 mm apart. From these holes stem cells are released which form a marrow rich clot that form the base for new hybrid cartilage development.
Post Operation Period
The patient generally remains in the hospital for 24 hours or less. Focus is on early rehabilitation of patient and encouraging them to get back to their normal routine and eventually sports as soon as possible. Patient is kept non weight bearing/ partial weight bearing for first 4-6 weeks to prevent clot dislodgement. Rest all knee rehabilitation exercises are started within 24 hours of surgery.
If left untreated?
Can lead to severe hampering of day to day activities and eventually quality of life.
Can also lead to progression of the chondral damage and eventually early osteoarthritis.
Can lead to falls and other ligament injuries due to sudden locking of the knee while walking due to catching of the loose pieces.