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The most common knee ligament injury is an injury to the medial aspect of the knee There are three main anatomic structures in the medial side of the knee, with the superficial medial collateral ligament being the largest and strongest. The other main structures are the posterior oblique and deep medial collateral ligaments. Large number of isolated MCL medial knee injuries are due to sporting events. They can be either a contact or non-contact stress to the outside of their knee.
Symptoms of MCL tear
- Pain directly over the ligament
- Swelling and inflammation over the inside part of the knee
- Severe cases patients will feel instability
Grading of MCL tear
- Grade I: partial MCL tear
- Grade II: near complete MCL tear
- Grade III: complete MCL tear – the ligament is non-functional
Most acute Grade I and II injuries will heal with a well supervised rehabilitation program. The majority of isolated grade III medial knee injuries will heal, there are still some which do not heal and a grade III injury must be followed closely. MCL tear with concurrent ACL ligament tear or as part of complex knee injury may require surgery.
MCL Surgery
We do an arthroscopic assisted MCL reconstruction using autograft hamstring tendon. Tunnels are reamed in both femur and tibia and an anatomic reconstruction is done. Graft is fixed with the help of interference screws.
Post-Operative Rehab
Knee is kept in a brace for 6 weeks Early rom exercises are started as early as 24 hours. Patient is keep non weight bearing on the effected leg for 6 weeks f/b gradual weight bearing and use of stationary bike after 6 weeks. Return to sport with complex knee injury usually takes around 9 months.
